Fabrics are produced knitted,
braided or as felt type. The most utilized fibers in fabric history
are linen, wool, cotton, silk and
synthetic polyester. Once you have the row primary materials, fibers
are transformed into threads (spinning), wich then are used in
weaving machines (loom), for producing fabrics.
After the product is ready, the next thing to do is the dyeing process
where mineral, vegetable and synthetic pigments are used.
Spinning To obtain the threads, the fibers are twisted
in between them. This procedure forms short fiber chains that become
a one whole body. The strenght with wich the fibers are twisted,
determines the kind of fabric that will be produced. With poor twisting
you obtain a hand smooth fabric. If the twisting force is high you
will obtain harder textiles that are much wear resistant. Synthetic
fibers are twisted the same way, for producing threads.
Weave
For weaving, normally you use a loom (weaving machine) and 2 groups
of threads. These groups are formed by cones with different color
threads.
The name of the groups are warp and weft. Along the loom are arranged
parallel strands (warp), wich interlace with crosswise threads. To
form this warp and weft structure the warp strands, must be arranged
on the loom in a parallel series. This procedure is called loom mounting.
The weft strand, must be passed through the parallel warp strands
to unite them.
Dyeing
Fabric colors can be obtained in different ways. You can dye the
raw fibers before the thread is produced. Also it can be done when
the product is already a thread, or when it is a finished fabric.
